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      学习在ECS上实现定期执行在学校官网发帖子签到的py脚本.md
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        <h2 id="说明-2022-05-05"><a class="markdownIt-Anchor" href="#说明-2022-05-05"></a> 说明 - 2022-05-05</h2>
<p>本篇博客为本人原创, 原发布于CSDN, 在搭建个人博客后使用爬虫批量爬取并挂到个人博客, 出于一些技术原因博客未能完全还原到初始版本(而且我懒得修改), 在观看体验上会有一些瑕疵 ,若有需求会发布重制版总结性新博客。发布时间统一定为1111年11月11日。钦此。</p>
<p><strong>本文不作为较专业的资料，仅为萌新不专业的试水和踩坑</strong></p>
<h2 id="1编写签到脚本"><a class="markdownIt-Anchor" href="#1编写签到脚本"></a> 1.编写签到脚本</h2>
<p>从这个环节开始我就遇到了许多问题，比如可以复制cookie实现签到，但不会获取cooike<br />
实际上直到现在写博客，我始终没有做到完整地吧所需要的cookie提取出来，对于爬虫也是一知半解</p>
<p>直接上误打误撞写出来的拉跨代码（部分内容隐蔽或更改）：</p>
<p>​</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> requests</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> time</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">url=<span class="string">&#x27;在学校官网登录请求的url&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line">header=&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;Referer&#x27;</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;secret&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;User-Agent&#x27;</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;mystery&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;Content-Type&#x27;</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;application/x-www-form-urlencoded&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">data=&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;IPT_LOGINUSERNAME&#x27;</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;what?&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;IPT_LOGINPASSWORD&#x27;</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;you don\&#x27;t know&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">session=requests.session()</span><br><span class="line">res=session.post(url,headers=header,data=data)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">posturl=<span class="string">&#x27;发帖子请求的url&#x27;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>​</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">headersx=&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;Content-Type&#x27;</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;application/x-www-form-urlencoded&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;Referer&#x27;</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;mytsery&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;User-Agent&#x27;</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;jsadsadfsadfasd&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">datax=&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;opt&#x27;</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;toreply&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;frompage&#x27;</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;common&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;forumid&#x27;</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;3743&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;threadid&#x27;</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;114775&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;parentid&#x27;</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;239973&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;type&#x27;</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;0&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;subject&#x27;</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;帖子标题的一些内容&#x27;</span>.encode(<span class="string">&quot;gbk&quot;</span>),</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;body&#x27;</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;&lt;p&gt;学号 某某签到&lt;/p&gt;&#x27;</span>.encode(<span class="string">&quot;gbk&quot;</span>)<span class="comment">#编码格式一定要换，否则发出乱码</span></span><br><span class="line">        </span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">resx=session.post(posturl,headers=headersx,data=datax)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#相当于一个日志</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">with</span> <span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;journal.txt&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;a&#x27;</span>) <span class="keyword">as</span> f:<span class="comment">#这是在本地写的，放在服务器上要使用绝对路径，否则会在根目录创建文件</span></span><br><span class="line">    string=<span class="string">&#x27;&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line">    tm=time.localtime()</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(<span class="number">6</span>):</span><br><span class="line">        string+=<span class="built_in">str</span>(tm[i])+<span class="string">&#x27; &#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line">        string+=<span class="string">&#x27;OVER \n&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line">    f.write(string)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>​</p>
<h2 id="2在ecs上令其定时执行"><a class="markdownIt-Anchor" href="#2在ecs上令其定时执行"></a> 2.在ECS上令其定时执行</h2>
<p>我的云服务器装的乌班图系统</p>
<p>先通过以下操作测试了一下py文件是否能在云服务器上运行，且运行成功</p>
<blockquote>
<p>python3 签到文件</p>
</blockquote>
<p>然后通过第一行的操作打开控制定时执行的文件，添加内容，最后两行是我新添加的内容(排版不是很好，服务器上看是很清晰的)。<br />
关于怎样设置执行时间见传送门：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.runoob.com/linux/linux-comm-crontab.html">https://www.runoob.com/linux/linux-comm-crontab.html</a></p>
<blockquote>
<p>vi /etc/corntab</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<h1 id="m-h-dom-mon-dow-user-command"><a class="markdownIt-Anchor" href="#m-h-dom-mon-dow-user-command"></a> m h dom mon dow user command</h1>
<p>17 * * * * root cd / &amp;&amp; run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly<br />
25 6 * * * root test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / &amp;&amp; run-parts --report<br />
/etc/cron.daily )<br />
47 6 * * 7 root test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / &amp;&amp; run-parts --report<br />
/etc/cron.weekly )<br />
52 6 1 * * root test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / &amp;&amp; run-parts --report<br />
/etc/cron.monthly )<br />
0 14 * * 3 root /usr/bin/python3.6 /home/signIn195C/login195C.py<br />
0 10 * * 5 root /usr/bin/python3.6 /home/signIn195C/login195C.py</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="注意"><a class="markdownIt-Anchor" href="#注意"></a> 注意</h2>
<p>python脚本若要建立（或写入）文件一定要使用绝对路径。笔者手动执行程序时会在脚本所在的目录建立（或写入）文件，但自动执行时文件会在根目录建立（或写入）</p>

      
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